AMSTERDAM

Located on the western coast of the Netherlands (full name: THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHEERLAND), on the North Sea Canal (NOORDZEE KANAAL), about 10 nm - ile from the canal's outlet IJMUDEN. The ship lock of Emmerdan Port connects with the North Sea, making it the largest city and second largest seaport in the Netherlands, as well as the world's largest cocoa loading and unloading port. As early as the 12th century, it was still a fishing village and was founded as a city in 1206. From the 14th to the 15th century, it became an important port in Europe due to its trade with the East until the 17th century. In the 19th century, it was designated as the capital of the Netherlands and served as the political, economic, and cultural center of the country. The main industries include shipbuilding, electronics, chemistry, steel, machinery, food, and textiles. There is the most modern international airport in Europe. It is also a famous cultural and artistic city and tourist center in Europe. Like Venice, it is also a water city known as the "Venice of Northern Europe". It is divided into over 100 small islands by more than 100 rivers and connected by over 600 bridges, giving it its own unique charm feature The port is about 15km away from the airport. The port has a temperate maritime climate, with prevailing westerly winds and mild humidity. The annual average temperature ranges from a minimum of about 2 ℃ to a maximum of about 19 ℃, with an average annual rainfall of about 600mm. Due to the presence of ship locks, there is no tidal range impact in the harbor. The water area of Hong Kong is 618 hectares, and the total length of the dock shoreline is 23km. The main dock berths in the port area are as follows: Dock name, number of berths, shoreline length (m), maximum water depth (m) ───────── ────── ────── ────── WEST HAVEN 10 2174 15 SUEZ HAVEN 5 1108 10 VLOT HAVEN 10 2318 15 HANDELSKADE 8 1885 9.8 SUMATRAKADE 6 1383 9.8 SPOOR WEG 7 1504 11 ── ──── 46 10372 There are various types of loading and unloading equipment, including shore cranes, mobile cranes, grab cranes, high-speed gantry cranes, heavy-duty tower cranes, container cranes, floating cranes, suction cranes, screening machines, and roll on/roll off facilities. The high-speed gantry crane at the dry bulk cargo terminal has a maximum lifting capacity of 50 tons and is equipped with an automatic counting system; There are also two sets of independent belt combined conveyors, using separate shore cranes, which can simultaneously carry out operations such as transshipment and loading. The cocoa storage area is 200000 m ∧<2>. The storage yard has a capacity of 3 million tons, with a loading rate of 2000 tons per hour from the yard. Phosphate fertilizer can be unloaded at a rate of 7000 tons per day. The grain terminal has a maximum reliable capacity of 100000 deadweight tons for ships, and can screen and unload 800 tons of grain per hour. The coal terminal can load and unload coal, coke, fine coke, and coke powder, etc. It has a 16 ton floating crane and a 50 ton grab bucket loading and unloading bridge, which can load and unload ships, barges, and trains. It also has the best waterway, highway, and railway transportation lines, which can quickly and flexibly transport large and small batches of coal. The daily loading and unloading capacity can reach 40000 tons per day. The container crane at the container terminal has an outward lateral distance of 36m and is equipped with a 12m distance regulator (SPREADERS) that can lift two 20 foot containers simultaneously; There is also a 45 ton railway mobile container crane with a rotating span of up to 40m, equipped with a turning amplitude and adjustable tensioner, which can serve three tracks. The maximum reliable oil tanker at the oil terminal is 100000 deadweight tons, with pipelines ranging from 152.4 to 203.2mm in diameter, capable of unloading approximately 2000 tons of crude oil per hour. The establishment of bonded warehouses in Hong Kong is aimed at attracting foreign businesses to choose the Netherlands as a distribution center for exports to various countries in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Goods entering the area are exempt from import taxes. Goods stored in the warehouse can be packaged simply, used for sample exhibition and testing, or assembled as parts. The various preferential conditions for tariff reduction and transit provided by special zones around the world are also available in bonded warehouses. The port directly relies on the lock system of the North Sea Canal and the Amoyden Port, with each lock lasting for more than 24 hours. The road, railway, and waterway transportation between the port area and inland Europe is very convenient, and there is Schiphol Airport nearby. In 1994, the cargo throughput was 48.1 million tons, of which grain and other dry bulk cargo increased significantly by about 60%, and the annual cocoa loading and unloading volume exceeded 500000 tons. In 1993, the container throughput was 73000 TEUs, an increase of 2.4% compared to 1992. The main imported goods include grains, mineral sands, coal, fertilizers, crude oil, cocoa powder, coffee, paper, machinery, chemicals, and groceries. The exported goods include coke, oil, wheat, fertilizers, metal vessels, transportation equipment, and chemical products Meat and daily necessities, etc. If homework is required during holidays, overtime pay should be paid. In order to adapt to the increasing demand for goods transportation, the port authorities have started construction of an international multimodal transport center to serve port production since the spring of 1993. It is located in the western part of A Port, covering an area of 65 hectares, with a 1000m long deep-water terminal and facilities for loading and unloading roll on/roll off ships. A 300000 m ∧<2>open-air storage yard and office building will be built within the center, and a railway network will be laid in the port area. Its storage function is complete, equipped with trucks and container loading and unloading equipment. It can provide convenient storage, transportation, and forwarding services for shipping companies and transportation companies. The construction of the intermodal center reflects the new strategy of Amsterdam Port's port development.